Component specs reflect the intrinsic form of HAS - which relates any entity modeled by a topic to its Parts and Properties. CTM constrains various XTM characteristics to handle these as CGs requires.

Case Role specs define the primitive Parts of Situations.  These special role types - if well constrained - can precisely model the role player topics associated by specific verbs and prepositions

Extrinsic associations relate things not parts or properties of each other.  Often binary, they may offer shortcut links between entities also indirectly related by the intrinsic types below.

Mereology patterns relate the Whole of an entity to its Parts. Trees of such associations can complement the type hierarchy by decomposing complex objects or substances or situations into simpler parts.

Situation types use case roles to model states, events, processes with stages, and activities.  Instances depict complex state changes and can  model the intended meanings for NL phrases and clauses.

Subgraph associations model nested assertions and have Boolean truth values.  If a Situation becomes one piece of such an object, its default truth value arises from validating its semantic constraints.